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Hallux valgus, Metatarsalgia, Morton’s neuroma, and venous insufficiency are some of the diseases related to the shoes we wear, said Dr. Elisa Casabianca, Vascular Surgeon at Humanitas and Dr. Leonardo Maradei,  Responsible for Surgery of the Foot and Minimally Invasive Surgeries at Humanitas, in an interview with Corriere della Sera. So we asked our experts, which are the best shoes for sore feet? and why do our feet hurt with certain shoes?

“The sole of the foot is crossed by a dense network of veins that act like a sponge and are very important for venous return. The plantar compression exerted during walking and the muscular pump given by the contraction of the calf muscles, are the basic tools that allow the liquids to circulate. In practice, they behave like the heart, but do not act like a mechanical pump; instead, they “squeeze” the veins and lymphatic vessels.

It is good to preserve these two mechanisms and the shoes we wear can make a difference,” says Dr. Casabianca.

High heels, venous insufficiency and varicose veins

A study published in the Journal of Vascular Surgery compared three types of shoes (shoes with heels of 3.5 cm, stilettos of 7cm and wedge heels of 7cm) and scientifically evaluated the effects on the plantar arch support and on the calf muscle pump in young women during a walking simulation.

“With the 7 cm heels, the function of the muscle pump was reduced. Researchers observed a decrease in the venous return and that the venous pressure was higher than normal. With heels of 3.5 cm, the values were maintained compared to the physiological levels. With these shoes, the plantar support was adequate and the muscles were able to function properly. In particular, the wedge heel proved to be an enemy of proper circulation, with this type of footwear, despite a sense of greater stability compared to the stiletto, it reduced the effect of the plantar pressing due to the stiffness of the sole. Thus, continuous use of high heels is a risk factor in the development of venous insufficiency. For the most part, venous insufficiency is the main cause of varicose veins,” says Dr. Casabianca.

The emergence of Hallux Valgus

A research by the American University of Alabama conducted in 2015 revealed that more than 80% of injuries related to the use of high heels in American women relate to feet and ankles. The first toe is particularly at risk says Dr. Maradei.

“The constant use of high-heeled shoes may induce the appearance of hallux valgus. Halux valgus is one of the most frequent pathologies characterized by the deviation of the foot towards the outside of the base of the big toe. Furthermore, the tip of the foot deviates towards the other toes. It is important to note that these shoes cause hallux valgus, which can also be caused by other reasons. In addition to high-heels, the narrow end of these shoes plays a big role in the appearance and development of this disease.

 

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